1 00:00:06,815 --> 00:00:08,465 In your last illness, 2 00:00:08,500 --> 00:00:11,067 with the feeling that the his end was quickly approaching, 3 00:00:11,135 --> 00:00:15,048 Isabel I saw the ring which he had used since his coronation 4 00:00:15,215 --> 00:00:17,934 be taken from him of the real finger. 5 00:00:18,552 --> 00:00:20,394 It was a complicated operation, 6 00:00:20,429 --> 00:00:23,248 because the skin had grown on the gold, 7 00:00:24,015 --> 00:00:26,575 in any case, it symbolized supposedly a strong union. 8 00:00:26,735 --> 00:00:29,185 This was, so to speak, your wedding ring, 9 00:00:29,267 --> 00:00:33,778 placed when she got married with England, 45 years earlier. 10 00:00:35,415 --> 00:00:38,566 Now it seemed that the two would be separated. 11 00:00:48,227 --> 00:00:50,807 Of course she should be supposedly immortal, 12 00:00:50,975 --> 00:00:55,446 but the strange thing is that, despite the brown and fancy wig, 13 00:00:55,615 --> 00:00:58,083 of the white mask and wrinkled breasts, 14 00:00:58,255 --> 00:01:00,821 foreign diplomats who saw her at court 15 00:01:00,856 --> 00:01:02,684 and who had no reason to be gallant, 16 00:01:02,719 --> 00:01:05,316 they swore they could still see the young woman, 17 00:01:05,351 --> 00:01:07,993 which did not appear to have over 20 years of age. 18 00:01:15,434 --> 00:01:19,969 There is no need to look too closely wonder for the Virgin Queen. 19 00:01:20,135 --> 00:01:25,084 Elizabeth I was obviously made of flesh and blood. 20 00:01:25,255 --> 00:01:28,703 She was vain, spiteful, arrogant, 21 00:01:28,738 --> 00:01:31,046 often unfair 22 00:01:31,215 --> 00:01:34,412 and often maddeningly indecisive. 23 00:01:35,335 --> 00:01:38,805 But she was also brave, shockingly intelligent, 24 00:01:38,975 --> 00:01:43,924 attractive and sometimes genuinely wise. 25 00:01:44,135 --> 00:01:47,366 In other words, it had all the necessary qualities 26 00:01:47,535 --> 00:01:52,240 to create political genius which was indisputably. 27 00:01:56,495 --> 00:02:00,534 A few meters from Isabel's tomb, in Westminster Abbey, 28 00:02:00,535 --> 00:02:02,551 the body is found of another woman, 29 00:02:02,552 --> 00:02:04,567 that of Mary, Queen of Scots, 30 00:02:04,668 --> 00:02:08,193 the woman who had haunted and fascinated Elizabeth 31 00:02:08,194 --> 00:02:10,085 for a large part of your life. 32 00:02:10,663 --> 00:02:13,062 I was not a virgin, that's right. 33 00:02:13,083 --> 00:02:15,249 But also It wasn't politics. 34 00:02:15,415 --> 00:02:18,168 A complete disaster while ruler, it must be said, 35 00:02:18,746 --> 00:02:22,159 but Maria managed to do it something that eluded Isabel. 36 00:02:22,375 --> 00:02:24,391 Give birth. 37 00:02:24,975 --> 00:02:28,570 This is the story of two queens and, most importantly, 38 00:02:28,735 --> 00:02:29,986 two women, 39 00:02:30,021 --> 00:02:32,523 one of them, politics, the other, mother. 40 00:02:32,695 --> 00:02:35,484 And it is the story of a painful birth, 41 00:02:35,519 --> 00:02:37,795 the union of England and Scotland, 42 00:02:37,815 --> 00:02:40,166 birth of Great Britain. 43 00:02:51,021 --> 00:02:56,021 Translation and subtitling: docsPT 44 00:03:05,372 --> 00:03:10,295 A STORY FROM GREAT BRITAIN 45 00:03:13,653 --> 00:03:17,352 THE BODY FROM THE QUEEN 46 00:03:25,072 --> 00:03:28,807 An esteemed tradition says that when Isabel heard the news 47 00:03:28,975 --> 00:03:32,888 that she was going to become queen, on November 17, 1558, 48 00:03:33,055 --> 00:03:36,047 sat below of an ancient oak. 49 00:03:36,215 --> 00:03:39,571 Your first words were from Psalm 118, 50 00:03:39,735 --> 00:03:43,808 "The domino factum is miraculous in oculis nostris", 51 00:03:43,815 --> 00:03:48,412 "This is the work of the Lord and it is wonderful in our eyes." 52 00:03:50,085 --> 00:03:52,282 She was right, it was wonderful. 53 00:03:52,383 --> 00:03:54,840 In fact, there was little missing to be a miracle 54 00:03:54,841 --> 00:03:57,460 she arrived to this day alive. 55 00:03:57,875 --> 00:04:01,025 The policies of Tudor royalty were a bloody business, 56 00:04:01,060 --> 00:04:02,929 especially for Tudor women. 57 00:04:07,815 --> 00:04:09,929 After all, she was only 2 years old 58 00:04:09,964 --> 00:04:12,696 when his mother, Anne Boleyn, ended up on the scaffold, 59 00:04:12,731 --> 00:04:15,289 your sin, at least in Henry's mind, 60 00:04:15,455 --> 00:04:17,446 it was failure in producing a child. 61 00:04:18,487 --> 00:04:22,345 It had certainly been a body possessed by others, by the devil, 62 00:04:22,415 --> 00:04:26,291 a piece of unclean meat, that had to be cut out. 63 00:04:30,535 --> 00:04:34,046 Therefore, Elizabeth never would be free from suspicion. 64 00:04:34,255 --> 00:04:38,485 From black eyes like your mother's, she saw herself being watched. 65 00:04:39,335 --> 00:04:42,631 Inevitably, there were times in which he let his guard down. 66 00:04:42,895 --> 00:04:46,438 I was barely a teenager when the problems appeared for the first time. 67 00:04:48,015 --> 00:04:50,734 She lived with her guardian, Katherine Parr, 68 00:04:50,895 --> 00:04:54,012 widow of Henry VIII, when Parr's new husband, 69 00:04:54,075 --> 00:04:58,248 Tom�s Seymour, started doing visits to your bedroom. 70 00:05:00,255 --> 00:05:04,214 When Katherine Parr died, a rumor began to circulate 71 00:05:04,375 --> 00:05:08,493 saying that Seymour he intended to marry Isabel. 72 00:05:08,655 --> 00:05:11,374 Just the fact of thinking in such a thing it was treason. 73 00:05:11,455 --> 00:05:18,054 Even worse, some bad tongues They said that Isabel was pregnant with his child. 74 00:05:19,295 --> 00:05:24,518 It took all the extraordinary Isabel's composure and self-confidence 75 00:05:24,546 --> 00:05:28,310 to convince the Lord Protector Somerset that she was innocent. 76 00:05:30,594 --> 00:05:33,016 "My lord, rumors circulate abroad" 77 00:05:33,045 --> 00:05:36,453 "that seriously undermine my honor and honesty and which are:" 78 00:05:36,615 --> 00:05:39,925 "I'm in the Tower and pregnant with my lord admiral." 79 00:05:40,095 --> 00:05:42,893 "My lord, These are shameful slanders." 80 00:05:43,055 --> 00:05:45,046 "I wish with all my heart, your lordship," 81 00:05:45,215 --> 00:05:47,800 "that I can go to court and show me how I'm doing." 82 00:05:48,323 --> 00:05:51,844 "Your convinced friend of my little power, Isabel." 83 00:05:55,775 --> 00:05:58,653 She had, Don't forget, just 14 years old, 84 00:05:58,735 --> 00:06:03,092 but he already had the fortress, clarity and courage. 85 00:06:03,255 --> 00:06:07,885 And that's good, because she would need of these qualities 5 years later, 86 00:06:08,055 --> 00:06:13,732 when he faced the most traumatic and dangerous crisis of his entire life. 87 00:06:16,215 --> 00:06:19,685 When your Catholic half-sister, Mary, ascended the throne, 88 00:06:19,855 --> 00:06:23,063 Isabel found herself in the middle of even deeper problems. 89 00:06:23,277 --> 00:06:25,970 Indeed, ended up in the Tower 90 00:06:26,055 --> 00:06:29,801 when a Protestant conspiracy to keep Maria away went wrong. 91 00:06:30,095 --> 00:06:34,407 Isabel managed to free herself of being accused of treason, 92 00:06:34,415 --> 00:06:37,533 but remained under close surveillance. 93 00:06:37,695 --> 00:06:41,449 The danger only transformed released 5 years later, 94 00:06:41,615 --> 00:06:44,712 when Queen Mary died without leaving children. 95 00:06:46,295 --> 00:06:49,446 And there she was, Isabel, under the oak, 96 00:06:49,615 --> 00:06:52,646 about to become in the Protestant queen. 97 00:06:52,795 --> 00:06:55,253 She had survived by a whisker, 98 00:06:55,288 --> 00:06:57,889 but I would know perfectly 99 00:06:58,055 --> 00:07:01,684 how hard it would be his reign. 100 00:07:01,855 --> 00:07:07,327 His mother had been killed for having produced only one daughter and one stillbirth, 101 00:07:07,495 --> 00:07:12,330 and the womb of his sister Maria it had only produced the tumor that killed her. 102 00:07:12,973 --> 00:07:15,573 No matter how dazzling what Isabel looked like, 103 00:07:15,608 --> 00:07:16,807 no matter how smart whatever, 104 00:07:16,815 --> 00:07:20,365 she will have realized how hard would the road be 105 00:07:20,535 --> 00:07:23,493 for a ruler of the wrong sex. 106 00:07:32,575 --> 00:07:36,329 25-year-old Isabel inherited a legacy 107 00:07:36,495 --> 00:07:39,575 of high hopes and deep anxieties. 108 00:07:42,495 --> 00:07:46,568 The celebrations of his coronation were carefully programmed 109 00:07:46,735 --> 00:07:50,423 to show the young queen as the paradigm of virtue. 110 00:07:50,895 --> 00:07:53,080 However, this charade of pity, 111 00:07:53,115 --> 00:07:54,813 it would hardly be enough to compensate 112 00:07:54,975 --> 00:07:58,604 the misfortune of having another woman on the throne. 113 00:07:59,615 --> 00:08:02,368 Nevertheless, skeptics they will have been calmed 114 00:08:02,535 --> 00:08:07,211 by Isabel's precocious self-control, controlled energy air 115 00:08:07,375 --> 00:08:10,606 which radiated in public from the beginning. 116 00:08:11,975 --> 00:08:15,955 We might be led to suppose that his first appearances on the Council 117 00:08:15,965 --> 00:08:18,933 they would have been a martyrdom, But what did the counselors see? 118 00:08:19,095 --> 00:08:22,644 she was not a naive girl, but someone who seemed full, 119 00:08:22,815 --> 00:08:26,125 as they said, of male authority. 120 00:08:28,655 --> 00:08:32,443 Elizabeth did all the things that women in 16th century England, 121 00:08:32,615 --> 00:08:34,170 supposedly shouldn't do, 122 00:08:34,214 --> 00:08:39,009 looked men in the eyes and spoke whenever he pleased. 123 00:08:39,615 --> 00:08:43,813 I had been taught to act like this by his tutor, Roger Ascombe. 124 00:08:45,615 --> 00:08:48,766 Ascombe was not only another half-assed nobleman. 125 00:08:48,935 --> 00:08:51,916 He was a public speaker at Cambridge University, 126 00:08:51,951 --> 00:08:55,653 and it was your bizarre idea to teach teenage girls 127 00:08:55,688 --> 00:08:59,168 a discipline that most people thought it was inappropriate for a woman: 128 00:08:59,203 --> 00:09:02,793 the art of rhetoric, the art of public speaking. 129 00:09:03,055 --> 00:09:08,287 This was the first and Isabel's strongest political weapon. 130 00:09:11,397 --> 00:09:15,214 But Elizabeth brought something for the management of sovereignty 131 00:09:15,375 --> 00:09:18,412 which was entirely hers, something, in fact, 132 00:09:18,575 --> 00:09:21,885 that none of the conduct manuals princely taught: 133 00:09:22,055 --> 00:09:26,069 politics it was also a stage. 134 00:09:26,971 --> 00:09:30,631 Your parents they knew this instinctively. 135 00:09:30,666 --> 00:09:34,658 Isabel had a natural talent as an actress by turns. 136 00:09:34,693 --> 00:09:38,288 She just I loved being adored. 137 00:09:43,895 --> 00:09:48,127 However, worship does not meant the same as loyalty. 138 00:09:48,295 --> 00:09:50,641 For for your sake important advisor, 139 00:09:50,676 --> 00:09:53,130 your surrogate father, William Cecil, 140 00:09:53,295 --> 00:09:56,207 charisma do not replace 141 00:09:56,375 --> 00:10:00,012 which would really ensure the future of a Protestant England: 142 00:10:00,471 --> 00:10:01,893 an heir. 143 00:10:04,815 --> 00:10:09,047 Cecil knew perfectly well that the majority of the country was still Catholic, 144 00:10:09,215 --> 00:10:11,237 active or passively, 145 00:10:11,272 --> 00:10:13,413 and also knew what little would be needed 146 00:10:13,575 --> 00:10:17,393 for the hard-won fruits of the Reform fall to the ground. 147 00:10:18,081 --> 00:10:21,563 As such, although the queen said to everyone that it was her problem, 148 00:10:21,735 --> 00:10:24,553 Cecil had to remind her constantly 149 00:10:24,588 --> 00:10:27,301 that the kingdom needed this she found a husband. 150 00:10:28,895 --> 00:10:33,525 But his body needed it too, since in the 16th century 151 00:10:33,695 --> 00:10:38,325 if you thought that prolonged virginity created a potentially toxic disease, 152 00:10:38,495 --> 00:10:44,221 known as "green disease", the abnormal retention of female sperm. 153 00:10:44,688 --> 00:10:46,605 Therefore, marital copulation 154 00:10:46,775 --> 00:10:49,803 that's what the doctor ordered for the good of the kingdom. 155 00:10:50,495 --> 00:10:54,408 However, the problem, how Cecil was painfully aware, 156 00:10:54,575 --> 00:10:57,453 was that if put too much pressure on Isabel, 157 00:10:57,488 --> 00:11:02,894 she could end up choosing the man that everyone assumed she loved. 158 00:11:03,055 --> 00:11:07,606 This man was Cecil's rival on the Council, Robert Dudley. 159 00:11:11,775 --> 00:11:14,517 Dudley was everything what Cecil was not, 160 00:11:14,552 --> 00:11:17,452 showy, gallant, noisy and extroverted, 161 00:11:17,615 --> 00:11:21,369 and, not least, incredibly good-looking, especially on horseback. 162 00:11:21,535 --> 00:11:24,333 For a queen who liked to be surrounded by admirers 163 00:11:24,495 --> 00:11:28,807 and who was able to drive away those who considered physically unpleasant, 164 00:11:28,975 --> 00:11:30,636 this mattered a lot. 165 00:11:31,135 --> 00:11:32,930 And they shared a past, 166 00:11:32,965 --> 00:11:36,279 the same tutors, the same childhood traumas. 167 00:11:36,455 --> 00:11:39,175 Dudley's father had been executed for treason, 168 00:11:39,210 --> 00:11:41,813 what made them both Orphans of the scaffold. 169 00:11:41,975 --> 00:11:44,275 In the dark years of the reign of Mary, 170 00:11:44,310 --> 00:11:46,647 he sold land to help Isabel, 171 00:11:46,682 --> 00:11:49,437 the type of gesture that she never forgot. 172 00:11:53,979 --> 00:11:56,315 But would they be a real couple? 173 00:11:56,675 --> 00:12:00,485 Would they, as the rumors said, in Europe and all diplomats, 174 00:12:00,655 --> 00:12:02,740 just like most filmmakers always assumed, 175 00:12:02,775 --> 00:12:04,125 been lovers? 176 00:12:07,895 --> 00:12:10,568 On the way, was Dudley's wife, 177 00:12:10,603 --> 00:12:12,764 but she was sick several years ago. 178 00:12:12,935 --> 00:12:15,495 When she died, Dudley would be free, 179 00:12:15,655 --> 00:12:19,643 and sleep with your suitor It was not uncommon in Tudor England. 180 00:12:20,408 --> 00:12:25,053 But this would have been outrageous for a queen who displayed her virginity 181 00:12:25,215 --> 00:12:28,127 at your coronation leaving your hair loose. 182 00:12:29,495 --> 00:12:32,692 When pressured by rumors, Isabel replied nonchalantly 183 00:12:32,855 --> 00:12:34,708 saying that such things were impossible, 184 00:12:34,743 --> 00:12:37,606 for he was surrounded day and night by her ladies-in-waiting. 185 00:12:37,815 --> 00:12:42,093 With the terrible example of fate that his own mother had suffered, 186 00:12:42,255 --> 00:12:46,626 it would have been tremendously thoughtless on your part to sleep with Dudley. 187 00:12:46,794 --> 00:12:51,630 His political side was, as always, dominating his lover. 188 00:12:55,855 --> 00:12:57,939 Anyway, something happened 189 00:12:57,974 --> 00:13:01,452 which damaged terribly the relationship between the two. 190 00:13:01,615 --> 00:13:05,449 Dudley's wife, Amy, was found at the end of a staircase, 191 00:13:05,615 --> 00:13:07,338 dead, with a broken neck. 192 00:13:09,045 --> 00:13:13,442 An accident that seemed too much convenient to be credible. 193 00:13:13,775 --> 00:13:17,211 This was, after all, the golden age of gossip, 194 00:13:17,375 --> 00:13:23,040 and the gossip didn't believe that Amy had fallen, but was pushed. 195 00:13:24,495 --> 00:13:28,929 Isabel immediately exiled Dudley until he was free from suspicion. 196 00:13:29,135 --> 00:13:30,827 Officially, stayed, 197 00:13:30,862 --> 00:13:32,923 and despite the queen have always insisted 198 00:13:32,945 --> 00:13:35,415 that Dudley had been completely cleared, 199 00:13:35,450 --> 00:13:38,550 it still cast a shadow about your relationship, 200 00:13:38,585 --> 00:13:41,925 right when they were free to marry. 201 00:13:42,095 --> 00:13:43,872 Maybe this was a case of 202 00:13:43,907 --> 00:13:46,725 "Be careful when vacuuming true desire of your heart," 203 00:13:46,815 --> 00:13:49,348 "because it could end for achieving it." 204 00:13:52,975 --> 00:13:56,650 During the following years, Elizabeth balanced herself nimbly 205 00:13:56,815 --> 00:13:59,458 between the tenderness and exasperation 206 00:13:59,493 --> 00:14:02,104 writing documents for make Dudley an earl, 207 00:14:02,139 --> 00:14:04,654 only to tear them up It's in front of him. 208 00:14:04,815 --> 00:14:08,569 And other times, especially when felt harassed by the Council, 209 00:14:08,735 --> 00:14:12,637 tormented them by pretending that their wedding was coming soon. 210 00:14:13,103 --> 00:14:14,651 Such never came to happen. 211 00:14:16,815 --> 00:14:20,788 In 1563, Isabel seemed to have given up 212 00:14:20,823 --> 00:14:23,971 of the possibility of someday to marry Robert Dudley, 213 00:14:24,135 --> 00:14:27,286 because I was prepared to offer it to someone else, 214 00:14:27,375 --> 00:14:32,768 someone whose hopes of marriage were of tremendous importance 215 00:14:32,935 --> 00:14:34,493 for the balance of power in Great Britain. 216 00:14:34,784 --> 00:14:39,170 That someone was Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots. 217 00:14:44,255 --> 00:14:47,292 Throughout the entire tortuous history of the relationship between the two, 218 00:14:47,455 --> 00:14:51,414 Isabel was consumed with curiosity about his cousin, Maria. 219 00:14:51,575 --> 00:14:53,930 Imprisoned in a neurotic beauty contest, 220 00:14:54,095 --> 00:14:57,770 interrogating their ambassadors as if they were the mirror on the wall 221 00:14:57,935 --> 00:15:01,405 who told him who was taller, beautiful, intelligent and smart. 222 00:15:01,575 --> 00:15:04,755 Isabel may have won in terms of intelligence, 223 00:15:04,966 --> 00:15:07,013 but from the few images that we have of her, 224 00:15:07,175 --> 00:15:09,483 Mary, with her face heart-shaped, 225 00:15:09,518 --> 00:15:11,487 heavy eyelids and creamy skin, 226 00:15:11,655 --> 00:15:17,048 had the predicates to melt the hearts of grown men. 227 00:15:17,655 --> 00:15:19,691 However, she was more than a simple opponent. 228 00:15:19,855 --> 00:15:23,609 To Elizabeth, Mary, Queen from the Scots, it was a threat. 229 00:15:25,175 --> 00:15:27,170 The reason it was obvious. 230 00:15:27,205 --> 00:15:28,372 Mary was catholic 231 00:15:28,535 --> 00:15:32,210 and the Catholic Church does not recognized Isabel's right 232 00:15:32,375 --> 00:15:33,768 to be queen from England. 233 00:15:33,855 --> 00:15:37,697 For them, Elizabeth was the product of Henry VIII's illegal marriage 234 00:15:37,702 --> 00:15:39,064 with Anne Boleyn. 235 00:15:39,099 --> 00:15:41,294 As such, in the Catholic eyes of Mary, 236 00:15:41,329 --> 00:15:44,129 Isabel it was simply illegitimate. 237 00:15:44,295 --> 00:15:47,367 How could Elizabeth Don't take it personally? 238 00:15:48,415 --> 00:15:52,693 Furthermore, Mary was not only a Stuart, but also a Tudor, 239 00:15:52,855 --> 00:15:55,415 through his great-grandfather, Henry VII. 240 00:15:55,575 --> 00:15:58,043 And while Isabel remain childless, 241 00:15:58,215 --> 00:16:01,969 Maria would be next in line of succession to the English throne. 242 00:16:07,335 --> 00:16:11,613 From the moment, at the age of 18, Mary Stuart arrived in Scotland 243 00:16:11,775 --> 00:16:14,196 coming from the French court where she was educated, 244 00:16:14,289 --> 00:16:19,147 the relationship between cousins became tainted with mutual suspicion. 245 00:16:20,375 --> 00:16:21,974 � first opportunity, 246 00:16:22,009 --> 00:16:25,149 Isabel behaved badly, almost irrationally, 247 00:16:25,295 --> 00:16:28,765 denying Maria safe conduct through From England to his new kingdom 248 00:16:28,935 --> 00:16:32,456 and forcing her to sail along the coast to Scotland. 249 00:16:32,855 --> 00:16:34,825 Despite being the injured party, 250 00:16:34,855 --> 00:16:39,089 Maria's answer is already showed theatrical self-pity 251 00:16:39,155 --> 00:16:41,974 who left Isabel out of yourself. 252 00:16:43,335 --> 00:16:46,133 "I trust that the winds will be so favorable," 253 00:16:46,295 --> 00:16:49,287 "that I won't need go to the coast of England." 254 00:16:49,355 --> 00:16:51,783 "And if I do this, Mr Ambassador," 255 00:16:51,855 --> 00:16:55,670 "the queen, your sovereign, You will have me in your hands" 256 00:16:55,685 --> 00:16:57,099 "to do with me whatever you want," 257 00:16:57,134 --> 00:17:01,296 "what if she has such a hard heart that longs for my end," 258 00:17:01,331 --> 00:17:04,895 "you can then do whatever you want and sacrifice myself." 259 00:17:08,495 --> 00:17:11,328 Maybe things could be better between the two 260 00:17:11,495 --> 00:17:15,852 if Mary accepted Elizabeth's choice from a Protestant husband to her, 261 00:17:16,015 --> 00:17:18,730 in winning form by Robert Dudley. 262 00:17:20,095 --> 00:17:22,529 However, there was a small problem with this plan, 263 00:17:22,695 --> 00:17:26,688 Maria had no intention to obey Isabel. 264 00:17:26,855 --> 00:17:30,689 Anyway, everyone knew that after the death of his wife, 265 00:17:30,755 --> 00:17:33,734 Robert Dudley it was damaged merchandise. 266 00:17:36,735 --> 00:17:41,340 Lord Henry Darnley, the playboy of the Scottish nobility, 267 00:17:41,415 --> 00:17:43,610 seemed to be a much better party. 268 00:17:43,675 --> 00:17:46,058 All it took was a look at the Darnley's beautiful legs 269 00:17:46,104 --> 00:17:49,137 to take Maria to desire it. 270 00:17:49,460 --> 00:17:53,725 It helped that he also have Tudor blood flowing through your veins. 271 00:17:54,124 --> 00:17:57,854 Unfortunately, the same was true of whiskey. 272 00:17:58,015 --> 00:18:00,516 Too late, Mary found out she had gotten married 273 00:18:00,551 --> 00:18:02,586 with a lazy drunk and dissolute, 274 00:18:02,621 --> 00:18:06,547 unable to complete minimum tasks required of a co-sovereign. 275 00:18:08,135 --> 00:18:12,014 Stuck in Holyrood with the task to rule Scotland without him, 276 00:18:12,175 --> 00:18:15,831 Maria began to support each other more and more on your private secretary, 277 00:18:15,855 --> 00:18:18,783 Catholic Italian David Riccio. 278 00:18:19,433 --> 00:18:22,292 Naturally, the nobles Scottish Protestants 279 00:18:22,455 --> 00:18:24,553 were convinced that Maria was plotting 280 00:18:24,588 --> 00:18:28,325 to transform Scotland again in a Catholic country. 281 00:18:29,293 --> 00:18:32,888 So, the growing distance between Darnley and his wife 282 00:18:33,055 --> 00:18:37,253 gave the most offended nobles for Riccio's access to the queen, 283 00:18:37,415 --> 00:18:39,924 the opportunity for this were looking for. 284 00:18:40,615 --> 00:18:44,051 In 1566, a group of them approached Darnley 285 00:18:44,215 --> 00:18:47,332 and proposed a violent coup d'état. 286 00:18:47,954 --> 00:18:51,444 Move aside David Riccio, who was her lover, they said, 287 00:18:51,479 --> 00:18:53,397 and not just your secretary. 288 00:18:53,695 --> 00:18:55,309 "Ah", thought Darnley, 289 00:18:55,344 --> 00:18:58,151 "That explains why that she's such a bitch." 290 00:18:58,186 --> 00:19:00,762 "I'll show you Who's in charge here?" 291 00:19:04,855 --> 00:19:07,571 On March 7th, while she was having dinner, 292 00:19:07,606 --> 00:19:09,537 Darnley and his fellow conspirators 293 00:19:09,572 --> 00:19:11,351 they burst in in Mary's chambers 294 00:19:11,386 --> 00:19:14,317 they snatched the terrified Riccio of Maria's skirts 295 00:19:14,455 --> 00:19:17,174 and stabbed him to death in front of her. 296 00:19:32,935 --> 00:19:36,401 They were discovered among 50 and 60 wounds on your body 297 00:19:36,515 --> 00:19:39,472 after he was thrown down the private staircase. 298 00:19:39,655 --> 00:19:42,453 At a certain point, the killers turned to Mary, 299 00:19:42,615 --> 00:19:46,369 pointing a pistol against your pregnant belly. 300 00:19:49,535 --> 00:19:51,381 And maybe at that moment, 301 00:19:51,416 --> 00:19:54,404 Mary learned to turn terror into power, 302 00:19:54,575 --> 00:19:56,187 because we following months, 303 00:19:56,222 --> 00:20:00,649 she breastfed as much as possible the melodrama of the threatened uterus. 304 00:20:02,535 --> 00:20:07,893 Instead of being left in pieces, Maria became strangely calm. 305 00:20:08,499 --> 00:20:10,256 She knew that could be strong 306 00:20:10,291 --> 00:20:14,963 because he carried his biggest gun inside your uterus. 307 00:20:15,295 --> 00:20:19,772 Whatever happened to your husband useless, drunk, homicidal and stupid 308 00:20:19,807 --> 00:20:22,283 she knew that she would give birth to a son. 309 00:20:22,455 --> 00:20:25,765 Mother and son they would survive. 310 00:20:29,815 --> 00:20:32,428 On June 19, in Edinburgh Castle, 311 00:20:32,463 --> 00:20:34,366 Mary gave birth to the boy 312 00:20:34,535 --> 00:20:37,333 which would become James VI of Scotland. 313 00:20:37,495 --> 00:20:41,577 Upon hearing the news, Isabel reacted with tears, saying: 314 00:20:41,615 --> 00:20:46,885 "My God! The Queen of Scots gave birth to a healthy son" 315 00:20:47,295 --> 00:20:50,211 "and I nothing else I'm so infertile." 316 00:21:07,215 --> 00:21:11,652 At this point, Maria was so consumed with contempt by Darnley 317 00:21:11,815 --> 00:21:13,797 that solved get rid of him. 318 00:21:14,055 --> 00:21:17,684 It's possible that she wanted get rid of him as a husband, 319 00:21:18,277 --> 00:21:20,669 but there was some of her devotees, 320 00:21:20,704 --> 00:21:22,770 in particular the Earl of Bothwell, 321 00:21:22,935 --> 00:21:27,828 who took advantage of your sighs to do something much more decisive. 322 00:21:28,535 --> 00:21:31,652 Bothwell, one of the greats Scottish landowners, 323 00:21:31,815 --> 00:21:34,803 he was rich, promiscuous and dangerous. 324 00:21:35,095 --> 00:21:37,450 But also knew how to be gallant, 325 00:21:37,535 --> 00:21:41,672 and in his distress, Mary chose him as protector, 326 00:21:41,707 --> 00:21:47,366 and Bothwell was happy to have solve Maria's "Darnley problem". 327 00:21:50,256 --> 00:21:53,751 In the night of March 9, 1567, 328 00:21:53,786 --> 00:21:56,367 while Mary participated at a masquerade ball, 329 00:21:56,375 --> 00:21:59,196 Bothwell supervised lighting a fuse 330 00:21:59,315 --> 00:22:03,767 that at 2 am it would detonate an immense amount of gunpowder 331 00:22:03,805 --> 00:22:06,827 under the house where Darnley was asleep. 332 00:22:11,855 --> 00:22:14,773 The house exploded into the air. 333 00:22:15,169 --> 00:22:18,797 Darnley was dead, but not he had been murdered according to plan. 334 00:22:18,815 --> 00:22:22,052 Minutes before the explosion, when you hear suspicious noises, 335 00:22:22,215 --> 00:22:26,128 went down through your bedroom window with the help of a chair. 336 00:22:26,295 --> 00:22:28,615 When running through the garden with your night clothes, 337 00:22:28,650 --> 00:22:31,050 Darnley went straight to the conspirators, 338 00:22:31,215 --> 00:22:33,997 which promptly they strangled him to death. 339 00:22:42,655 --> 00:22:46,409 Darnley's murder was a turning point in Mary's life. 340 00:22:46,575 --> 00:22:51,664 From then on, death accompanied Mary Stuart as a lady-in-waiting. 341 00:22:52,455 --> 00:22:55,891 She was already sick, vomiting black mucus. 342 00:22:56,055 --> 00:23:00,765 He needed help and the unscrupulous Bothwell was prepared to give it to him. 343 00:23:00,935 --> 00:23:04,536 His power over Mary made him mercilessly bold 344 00:23:04,573 --> 00:23:08,651 and announced to the Scottish lords that for there to be a proper government in the country 345 00:23:08,815 --> 00:23:12,183 it was necessary that Maria had a husband. 346 00:23:12,375 --> 00:23:16,493 Very decently, he volunteered for the "position." 347 00:23:18,015 --> 00:23:22,133 The idea of a marriage proposal Bothwell was to kidnap Mary 348 00:23:22,295 --> 00:23:25,446 and take her to your gloomy castle at Dunbar. 349 00:23:25,775 --> 00:23:29,734 A�, he planted his flag as future king of Scotland 350 00:23:29,895 --> 00:23:33,512 planting himself, violently, reportedly, 351 00:23:33,547 --> 00:23:35,527 inside of her body. 352 00:23:36,335 --> 00:23:40,248 After that, she thought that the traumatized Maria would have to marry him, 353 00:23:40,415 --> 00:23:43,213 and, to horror of the majority of the country, 354 00:23:43,375 --> 00:23:45,157 that was exactly it that Mary did, 355 00:23:45,192 --> 00:23:47,791 a few weeks later, at Holyrood. 356 00:23:50,095 --> 00:23:53,195 It was at this point that Maria lost his discernment, 357 00:23:53,230 --> 00:23:55,647 lost control over your own body, 358 00:23:55,815 --> 00:23:59,125 lost the invaluable advantage policy of your motherhood, 359 00:23:59,135 --> 00:24:02,103 stained by your relationship with Bothwell. 360 00:24:02,355 --> 00:24:05,571 Lost Scotland and lost everything else. 361 00:24:05,782 --> 00:24:08,815 The truth is that no it needed to be like this. 362 00:24:08,975 --> 00:24:11,933 If she had been half of the politician that Isabel was, 363 00:24:12,015 --> 00:24:15,291 would have distanced himself from Bothwell instead of marrying him. 364 00:24:15,455 --> 00:24:19,733 And he would have fallen on top of the murderers of Darnley like a brick wall, 365 00:24:19,895 --> 00:24:24,013 expressing shock at the crime, truly shocked, 366 00:24:24,175 --> 00:24:26,645 and introducing yourself to the people of Scotland 367 00:24:26,695 --> 00:24:29,064 like a mother doubly victimized. 368 00:24:29,455 --> 00:24:34,122 Instead, the mother left turn into a prostitute. 369 00:24:37,135 --> 00:24:39,566 Maria began to face the rebel armies 370 00:24:39,601 --> 00:24:41,208 loyal to the murdered Darnley. 371 00:24:41,375 --> 00:24:43,015 But on the edge of battle, 372 00:24:43,050 --> 00:24:47,054 Bothwell, disappeared conveniently to join reinforcements, 373 00:24:47,089 --> 00:24:48,090 or so he said, 374 00:24:48,255 --> 00:24:51,327 leaving Mary to face the enemy alone. 375 00:24:51,495 --> 00:24:54,178 It would be the last time that she would see him. 376 00:24:55,495 --> 00:24:57,240 Dragged back to Edinburgh, 377 00:24:57,275 --> 00:25:00,065 prisoner, filthy and disheveled, 378 00:25:00,100 --> 00:25:05,269 appeared at a window wearing the dress ripped on the shoulders and exposed breasts 379 00:25:05,304 --> 00:25:08,725 while being received by the crowd. 380 00:25:09,735 --> 00:25:13,536 Flyers began to appear showing her as a mermaid, 381 00:25:13,655 --> 00:25:16,727 in which "mermaid" was another name for prostitute. 382 00:25:17,437 --> 00:25:21,571 And as is obvious, mermaids do not could sit on the throne of Scotland, 383 00:25:21,735 --> 00:25:25,933 and Mary was forced to renounce him in favor of your baby son. 384 00:25:26,095 --> 00:25:28,680 Your Protestant half-brother, the Earl of Moray, 385 00:25:28,695 --> 00:25:33,208 took care of baby Jaime and made himself regent of Scotland. 386 00:25:35,075 --> 00:25:38,234 Mary he was 25 years old. 387 00:25:38,335 --> 00:25:40,965 Your story seemed finished, 388 00:25:41,166 --> 00:25:43,329 but of course which was not. 389 00:25:54,495 --> 00:25:57,097 She had one last weapon to use, 390 00:25:57,132 --> 00:25:59,907 your air of beauty tragically injured. 391 00:26:00,189 --> 00:26:03,172 Incarcerated at Loch Leven Castle, 392 00:26:03,207 --> 00:26:05,374 in the middle of a lake cold and deep, 393 00:26:05,415 --> 00:26:08,689 she unleashed her seductive charm about your jailer, 394 00:26:08,695 --> 00:26:14,106 belonging to the tough Douglas clan, who melted in adoration. 395 00:26:18,575 --> 00:26:22,774 After ten months in prison, in May 1568, 396 00:26:22,875 --> 00:26:25,831 Mary ran away across the lake. 397 00:26:28,495 --> 00:26:32,010 But there was only one way of her getting her throne back: 398 00:26:32,175 --> 00:26:34,830 making an appeal It's your cousin Isabel. 399 00:26:35,255 --> 00:26:37,913 So, your next trip, across the border, 400 00:26:37,948 --> 00:26:41,046 aimed to find a temporary refuge. 401 00:26:41,215 --> 00:26:46,339 She must have assumed that her stay it would last a month, a year at most. 402 00:26:46,375 --> 00:26:48,557 Had she known true answer, 403 00:26:48,592 --> 00:26:50,450 19 years old, 404 00:26:50,485 --> 00:26:55,005 certainly would have avoided the passage through the Solway Firth. 405 00:26:55,175 --> 00:26:59,389 But there she was, an exhausted and dirty figure, 406 00:26:59,455 --> 00:27:01,922 with cut hair for disguise, 407 00:27:01,957 --> 00:27:04,290 sitting and curled up in a small boat, 408 00:27:04,455 --> 00:27:09,688 your eyes fixed on the coast of Scotland, which was disappearing. 409 00:27:16,595 --> 00:27:21,677 The appearance of Mary on English soil left Isabel agitated. 410 00:27:22,019 --> 00:27:24,528 Maria would be your heiress or not? 411 00:27:24,695 --> 00:27:28,173 After all, Isabel was not getting young, 412 00:27:28,208 --> 00:27:31,009 35 years in 1568. 413 00:27:31,275 --> 00:27:35,523 The royal laundresses continued to send Cecil the monthly evidence 414 00:27:35,558 --> 00:27:37,924 the queen's ability in producing children, 415 00:27:37,959 --> 00:27:40,920 but she wasn't closer to getting married. 416 00:27:41,935 --> 00:27:46,411 Iria the fugitive queen of Scots be treated as the heir to the throne 417 00:27:46,575 --> 00:27:50,124 or, at least, as a partner sovereign? A guest? 418 00:27:50,295 --> 00:27:51,980 Well, not exactly. 419 00:27:52,015 --> 00:27:55,516 Mary's first request to Elizabeth it was for some clothes 420 00:27:55,551 --> 00:27:57,497 that were suitable to its status, 421 00:27:57,532 --> 00:28:00,094 instead of rags with which she had fled. 422 00:28:00,716 --> 00:28:03,753 What she achieved, After much complaining, 423 00:28:03,788 --> 00:28:05,653 it was a package of linen. 424 00:28:08,945 --> 00:28:11,449 In addition, maybe she didn't know 425 00:28:11,465 --> 00:28:15,740 which Isabel already used Mary's favorite pearls, 426 00:28:15,825 --> 00:28:18,149 that had been stolen by your enemies 427 00:28:18,184 --> 00:28:21,104 and sent She is the English queen. 428 00:28:21,945 --> 00:28:25,381 In fact, Isabel did not I knew what to do with Maria. 429 00:28:25,545 --> 00:28:27,909 All your real instincts they were affronted 430 00:28:27,944 --> 00:28:32,235 for the humiliations and indignities accumulated by her royal cousin. 431 00:28:32,605 --> 00:28:35,812 If Maria agreed to keep your hands away from the English throne, 432 00:28:35,925 --> 00:28:40,782 Isabel was tempted to help her to regain the Scottish crown. 433 00:28:43,265 --> 00:28:47,497 But Isabel could also see the wisdom of the opposite view, 434 00:28:47,505 --> 00:28:51,578 that it was foolish to replace a Catholic queen on the throne of Scotland, 435 00:28:51,745 --> 00:28:56,351 creating a back door for the French and Spanish. 436 00:28:57,702 --> 00:29:00,736 There was a regime safe Protestant in Scotland, 437 00:29:00,771 --> 00:29:02,199 governed by Mary's enemies. 438 00:29:02,205 --> 00:29:03,684 Why do it rock the boat? 439 00:29:04,065 --> 00:29:08,241 So, if Mary imagined that she could trust in the sisterhood of queens, 440 00:29:08,276 --> 00:29:10,000 I was deluded. 441 00:29:10,425 --> 00:29:14,194 The first thing Elizabeth did was to launch an investigation 442 00:29:14,229 --> 00:29:17,151 to the murder of Maria's husband, Lord Darnley, 443 00:29:17,225 --> 00:29:20,537 which became a judgment on everything, except in name. 444 00:29:24,111 --> 00:29:28,914 Maria no longer harbored illusions of being something other than a prisoner. 445 00:29:29,105 --> 00:29:31,824 It was transferred from house to house 446 00:29:31,885 --> 00:29:34,352 under the watchful eye of the Earl of Shrewsbury, 447 00:29:34,485 --> 00:29:37,726 who was left with the undesirable job of being her jailer. 448 00:29:38,025 --> 00:29:41,535 Some of these houses were not much more than a wet ruin, 449 00:29:41,705 --> 00:29:45,459 others, like this one in Wingfield, were much more tolerable. 450 00:29:46,144 --> 00:29:48,573 Wingfield is in Derbishire, 451 00:29:48,608 --> 00:29:52,168 and that tells us something about the nervousness of their captors. 452 00:29:52,345 --> 00:29:57,494 Maria Stuart had to stay far away of any possibility of rescue, 453 00:29:57,505 --> 00:29:59,196 very far away from Scotland, 454 00:29:59,231 --> 00:30:01,976 very far from London and far from the coast. 455 00:30:02,145 --> 00:30:04,454 In fact, in the Midlands. 456 00:30:04,625 --> 00:30:06,143 But where whatever it was, 457 00:30:06,144 --> 00:30:10,700 Mary Stuart became the problem maximum security number one, 458 00:30:10,865 --> 00:30:15,269 not just a headache, but a magnet for conspiracy. 459 00:30:22,945 --> 00:30:25,743 There were many political heavyweights 460 00:30:25,905 --> 00:30:30,567 for whom Mary was the alternative legitimate and attractive to Isabel. 461 00:30:30,625 --> 00:30:34,140 And they weren't just a bunch of dreamy and unrealistic Catholics, 462 00:30:34,305 --> 00:30:37,814 but men close to the heart of Elizabeth's government. 463 00:30:39,545 --> 00:30:43,060 His most ambitious plan was to annul the marriage to Bothwell 464 00:30:43,225 --> 00:30:46,695 and marry the Queen of Scots with the main duke of the kingdom, 465 00:30:46,865 --> 00:30:49,774 Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk. 466 00:30:50,540 --> 00:30:53,400 Although Norfolk may have been a convinced Catholic, 467 00:30:53,435 --> 00:30:57,098 he was, like so many in his time, at least outwardly, 468 00:30:57,133 --> 00:30:59,255 a Protestant conformed. 469 00:30:59,725 --> 00:31:02,860 As such, it was perfectly reasonable see the marriage scam 470 00:31:02,994 --> 00:31:06,829 as a way of connecting unhealed wounds of the Reformation, 471 00:31:07,625 --> 00:31:11,140 but the queen doesn't he let himself be deceived. 472 00:31:11,305 --> 00:31:15,270 When the scam was exposed, she sent Norfolk straight to the Tower. 473 00:31:22,185 --> 00:31:24,025 The plan disintegrated. 474 00:31:24,385 --> 00:31:27,661 However, there was a type different from fury lurking, 475 00:31:27,825 --> 00:31:31,726 a burning fury like a Catholic flame. 476 00:31:36,745 --> 00:31:40,454 Here in the North, Catholicism not only has it not been eradicated, 477 00:31:40,625 --> 00:31:45,141 how he fed on resentment ardent and fierce independence 478 00:31:45,305 --> 00:31:50,166 of the great aristocratic families who ran things here. 479 00:31:50,201 --> 00:31:53,948 They were here for centuries and were willing to be pressured 480 00:31:53,965 --> 00:31:56,135 by a bunch of Tudor bureaucrats. 481 00:31:56,305 --> 00:32:01,743 They were not willing to accept that impose a government and a religion. 482 00:32:01,905 --> 00:32:06,205 As such, for them, Maria Stuart was not just a successor, 483 00:32:06,265 --> 00:32:08,073 was a substitute, 484 00:32:08,108 --> 00:32:10,995 a immediate replacement. 485 00:32:15,185 --> 00:32:18,921 And so, the Catholic North fought against the Protestant South. 486 00:32:19,065 --> 00:32:22,235 For a while, it even seemed that the North could win. 487 00:32:23,325 --> 00:32:26,933 When the rebels invaded Lancashire, Yorkshire and Northumberland, 488 00:32:27,265 --> 00:32:31,104 it must have seemed like the Catholic Britain had been reborn. 489 00:32:32,258 --> 00:32:36,587 It was then that Elizabeth's government really knew what was at stake, 490 00:32:36,645 --> 00:32:40,355 the last act in the endless religious war 491 00:32:40,470 --> 00:32:45,234 which began when Henry VIII made himself supreme head of the Church. 492 00:32:46,065 --> 00:32:49,227 But you did it gather 12 thousand soldiers 493 00:32:49,262 --> 00:32:52,348 and crush brutally the rebellion. 494 00:32:57,145 --> 00:32:59,517 Maybe the brutality has worked, 495 00:32:59,552 --> 00:33:02,826 because the revolt of the North It was the last great rebellion 496 00:33:02,861 --> 00:33:04,861 to disturb Tudor England. 497 00:33:05,025 --> 00:33:09,073 And it's tempting to feel the country finally calming down 498 00:33:09,108 --> 00:33:11,274 during this golden Elizabethan period, 499 00:33:11,309 --> 00:33:14,211 feeling fat, safe and comfortable, 500 00:33:14,545 --> 00:33:18,039 but it was, as always, a kind of nervous grandeur. 501 00:33:27,065 --> 00:33:30,468 Isabel already reigned 20 years ago 502 00:33:30,503 --> 00:33:32,742 and the suitors they had come and gone. 503 00:33:32,905 --> 00:33:34,912 There was always any problem with them, 504 00:33:34,947 --> 00:33:36,037 too much despicable, 505 00:33:36,065 --> 00:33:38,654 too Catholic, too stupid. 506 00:33:38,825 --> 00:33:42,562 And besides, your suitors now have rivals, 507 00:33:42,705 --> 00:33:46,493 millions of Elizabeth's subjects who had become enviously possessive 508 00:33:46,565 --> 00:33:49,913 and they thought the queen it was just theirs. 509 00:33:53,026 --> 00:33:56,101 In the 1570s, they conquered it. 510 00:33:56,165 --> 00:33:58,758 The cult, Elizabeth's religion, 511 00:33:58,793 --> 00:34:01,073 it was spectacularly created. 512 00:34:10,305 --> 00:34:12,040 Your birthday ascension to the throne 513 00:34:12,075 --> 00:34:14,437 became the largest of national holidays, 514 00:34:14,585 --> 00:34:19,161 holier than all pagan events of the popish calendar. 515 00:34:30,225 --> 00:34:34,633 His image began to appear everywhere the side through allegorical images, 516 00:34:34,945 --> 00:34:39,649 Isabel like the sun that gave to the rainbow its radiant tones. 517 00:34:40,565 --> 00:34:44,486 And even those who from From inside they could clearly see 518 00:34:44,495 --> 00:34:48,027 the frame made from from which this image was projected, 519 00:34:48,070 --> 00:34:51,789 who knew that the pale lunar glow from the queen's face 520 00:34:51,845 --> 00:34:56,502 it was just powdered eggshells, borax, amen and mill water, 521 00:34:56,565 --> 00:35:01,697 even those who knew all this, they were completely hostage to the cult. 522 00:35:02,785 --> 00:35:06,601 She had this effect on the whole type of people, especially men, 523 00:35:06,636 --> 00:35:09,254 even when they were old and they should know better about these things. 524 00:35:10,505 --> 00:35:14,054 They built huge and prodigious houses in honor of her. 525 00:35:14,225 --> 00:35:17,528 It was, in its own way, a necessity desperate to impress, 526 00:35:17,563 --> 00:35:20,448 a sign of raw cultural immaturity, 527 00:35:20,455 --> 00:35:23,198 your hunger of dazzling sumptuousness. 528 00:35:23,345 --> 00:35:26,889 Elizabethan exhibitionism, in tight high socks, 529 00:35:26,925 --> 00:35:31,098 oak paneled libraries with hundreds of unread classics, 530 00:35:31,265 --> 00:35:34,257 ballrooms big as playing fields. 531 00:35:42,422 --> 00:35:45,616 We can assume that the devotees lined up 532 00:35:45,651 --> 00:35:47,936 to get a glimpse of the national madonna, 533 00:35:47,965 --> 00:35:52,441 but many knew that the organization of the show took a heavy toll. 534 00:35:54,371 --> 00:35:56,502 If you were a bourgeois from the town of Warwick, 535 00:35:56,665 --> 00:36:00,101 It would be difficult to know which group that would make him more nervous. 536 00:36:00,265 --> 00:36:02,741 After all, the real transporters 537 00:36:02,776 --> 00:36:06,452 brought 200 carts with the queen's luggage, 538 00:36:06,465 --> 00:36:09,657 each pulled by a team of six horses. 539 00:36:09,745 --> 00:36:13,579 Many stables were needed and enormous amounts of straw. 540 00:36:13,745 --> 00:36:16,346 So a week before the big event, 541 00:36:16,381 --> 00:36:20,049 the men in the cabinet suppliers arrived in the city 542 00:36:20,080 --> 00:36:22,358 and bought everything that was available for the visit, 543 00:36:22,393 --> 00:36:25,625 at prices they decided to be fair. 544 00:36:25,660 --> 00:36:29,963 Next would come the lords and ladies, so notoriously difficult to please. 545 00:36:30,025 --> 00:36:33,700 I thought they would look at entertainment with boredom 546 00:36:33,865 --> 00:36:37,380 and wrinkle your nose Is it the fair? 547 00:36:37,545 --> 00:36:41,011 And finally, there was the Queen Bess, (English nickname) 548 00:36:41,046 --> 00:36:44,539 a bejeweled apparition with a chalk-white face, 549 00:36:44,705 --> 00:36:46,882 like a goddess on Earth. 550 00:36:47,005 --> 00:36:48,714 But just like the immortals, 551 00:36:48,749 --> 00:36:53,143 she was evidently so frightening and majestic. 552 00:36:57,406 --> 00:37:00,023 You could delight with the Isabelino glamor show 553 00:37:00,185 --> 00:37:04,225 as long as you don't think too much about what was happening 554 00:37:04,305 --> 00:37:06,210 beyond from the island of royalty. 555 00:37:06,465 --> 00:37:08,397 For out there, in Europe, 556 00:37:08,445 --> 00:37:11,603 a total war between powers Catholics and Protestants 557 00:37:11,619 --> 00:37:13,395 was about bursting. 558 00:37:14,465 --> 00:37:18,140 The rivalry between Maria, Queen of Scots, and Elizabeth, 559 00:37:18,205 --> 00:37:20,844 it was no longer a teen soap opera, 560 00:37:21,225 --> 00:37:24,826 it was in the center of this global strife. 561 00:37:25,065 --> 00:37:30,137 In Rome, the Pope declared Elizabeth a heretic. 562 00:37:30,185 --> 00:37:33,419 "Whoever takes her from this world," decreed the pope, 563 00:37:33,435 --> 00:37:38,443 "not only will you not be sinning as will gain merit in the eyes of God." 564 00:37:39,560 --> 00:37:43,611 In response, England became a state of national security. 565 00:37:43,646 --> 00:37:47,777 Double agents and infiltrators were recruited by the Government. 566 00:37:47,945 --> 00:37:52,223 Gentlemen vigilant swore to kill, in advance, 567 00:37:52,385 --> 00:37:56,428 any suspicious person to conspire against the queen. 568 00:37:58,665 --> 00:38:03,066 At the heart of the operation was Isabel's spy chief, 569 00:38:03,185 --> 00:38:05,176 Francis Walsingham. 570 00:38:06,037 --> 00:38:10,455 "Intelligence is never too much" was Walsingham's motto. 571 00:38:10,625 --> 00:38:13,373 His entire career was a practical demonstration 572 00:38:13,408 --> 00:38:15,938 what knowledge It's power. 573 00:38:17,545 --> 00:38:21,857 But if Walsingham was fierce, I wasn't paranoid. 574 00:38:22,025 --> 00:38:27,497 There were subversive conspiracies, organized in France, Rome and Spain, 575 00:38:27,665 --> 00:38:30,232 and they all worked for a single purpose: 576 00:38:30,267 --> 00:38:32,341 the murder by Isabel 577 00:38:32,505 --> 00:38:35,311 and the enthronement by Mary Stuart. 578 00:38:38,665 --> 00:38:42,527 Isabel may have felt uncomfortable for having to kill Maria, 579 00:38:42,562 --> 00:38:44,220 but Walsingham, no. 580 00:38:44,235 --> 00:38:47,066 His job was to get dirty hands for England, 581 00:38:47,101 --> 00:38:49,366 that's what the spymasters do. 582 00:38:49,401 --> 00:38:52,471 But he knew very well that I couldn't just kill her. 583 00:38:52,585 --> 00:38:56,934 Isabel would have to be free from any suspected of complicity in the murder. 584 00:38:57,145 --> 00:39:04,038 On the other hand, the "Maria problem" It couldn't drag on for another 15 years. 585 00:39:04,145 --> 00:39:08,306 Walsingham concluded that I would have to force a solution. 586 00:39:08,885 --> 00:39:11,100 So, set a trap... 587 00:39:11,602 --> 00:39:14,054 a plan worthy of a master. 588 00:39:16,465 --> 00:39:19,059 Mary could be under house arrest, 589 00:39:19,225 --> 00:39:23,377 but still, I was allowed to lead the life of a rural lady. 590 00:39:23,545 --> 00:39:26,085 So, in December 1585, 591 00:39:26,120 --> 00:39:28,494 Walsingham made a change. 592 00:39:30,265 --> 00:39:33,177 Maria and her family had suddenly have to pack my bags 593 00:39:33,245 --> 00:39:36,960 and were closed under supervision at Chartley Manor in Staffordshire, 594 00:39:37,515 --> 00:39:42,377 where she stayed in the custody of scowling puritan, Amyas Paulet. 595 00:39:44,305 --> 00:39:48,063 As Walsingham had intended, Maria was furious, 596 00:39:48,157 --> 00:39:50,952 desperate to find an escape from his prison. 597 00:39:51,265 --> 00:39:55,258 And of course, she was excited when he discovered an ingenious means 598 00:39:55,425 --> 00:39:58,683 of smuggling coded letters for his supporters. 599 00:39:58,945 --> 00:40:02,664 The letters were secretly placed in a waterproof package 600 00:40:02,705 --> 00:40:05,454 and inserted into the hole of beer barrels, 601 00:40:05,489 --> 00:40:08,263 sent to and from Chartley. 602 00:40:10,145 --> 00:40:13,615 What Maria didn't know was that this was a trap. 603 00:40:13,785 --> 00:40:16,617 Walsingham had prepared the whole thing. 604 00:40:16,845 --> 00:40:19,254 The letters were intercepted. 605 00:40:20,465 --> 00:40:22,475 When the last paladin of Mary, 606 00:40:22,510 --> 00:40:24,773 the rich merchant Anthony Babington, 607 00:40:24,985 --> 00:40:28,316 provided Maria with details of a conspiracy to murder Isabel 608 00:40:28,365 --> 00:40:30,321 and put Maria on the English throne, 609 00:40:30,356 --> 00:40:33,539 Maria wrote returns with encouragement. 610 00:40:35,751 --> 00:40:38,426 The trap it would work. 611 00:40:42,065 --> 00:40:45,625 In Chartley, Maria felt the skies lighten. 612 00:40:45,785 --> 00:40:48,862 After almost 20 years of unjust imprisonment, 613 00:40:48,905 --> 00:40:51,003 she could feel freedom within reach, 614 00:40:51,038 --> 00:40:53,615 so close that it almost I could taste it. 615 00:40:53,785 --> 00:40:56,213 One morning, exceptionally, 616 00:40:56,248 --> 00:40:59,940 Paulet allowed her to go out on horseback to spend the day on a hunt. 617 00:41:00,105 --> 00:41:04,009 In the distance, she saw a group of approaching horsemen. 618 00:41:04,244 --> 00:41:05,884 Mary must have imagined: 619 00:41:05,905 --> 00:41:08,737 "The time has come, Babington news." 620 00:41:08,772 --> 00:41:11,098 "Freedom, finally." 621 00:41:13,005 --> 00:41:16,978 But, in fact, it was the sent to his prison. 622 00:41:17,623 --> 00:41:19,929 Babington and his fellow conspirators 623 00:41:19,964 --> 00:41:22,783 they had been tortured and they had already confessed. 624 00:41:24,345 --> 00:41:28,265 Mary was taken from there while her quarters at Chartley were searched, 625 00:41:28,345 --> 00:41:31,558 having been discovered hundreds of incriminating documents. 626 00:41:34,545 --> 00:41:39,983 In London, Elizabeth wrote an excited letter to Amyas Paulet. 627 00:41:40,745 --> 00:41:44,420 "Amyas, my most faithful and careful servant," 628 00:41:44,585 --> 00:41:48,578 "May God reward you threefold for the most problematic cases" 629 00:41:48,745 --> 00:41:50,815 "so good resolved." 630 00:41:59,025 --> 00:42:02,256 There was just one more stop, another castle 631 00:42:02,425 --> 00:42:05,322 in career of the traveling queen: 632 00:42:05,357 --> 00:42:08,126 Fotheringhay, in Northamptonshire. 633 00:42:08,385 --> 00:42:12,014 Today it's just a grassy hill, and it's better that way, 634 00:42:12,085 --> 00:42:15,613 since none ruin or building, 635 00:42:15,725 --> 00:42:19,723 could support the weight of the drama that followed. 636 00:42:22,749 --> 00:42:27,841 Who was waiting for Maria Stuart collapsed into a tearful confession, 637 00:42:27,876 --> 00:42:30,209 he had been mistaken seriously. 638 00:42:30,809 --> 00:42:32,103 Before your situation, 639 00:42:32,135 --> 00:42:36,496 she went to get something It's his long and disastrous career 640 00:42:36,717 --> 00:42:40,260 that made her resolute and disquietingly superior, 641 00:42:40,419 --> 00:42:43,867 as if, suddenly, he began to be above this squalid charade. 642 00:42:45,185 --> 00:42:49,081 From the moment of his arrest until the moment of its execution, 643 00:42:49,205 --> 00:42:51,595 she gave everything what he had. 644 00:42:53,865 --> 00:42:55,319 "As a sinner," 645 00:42:55,354 --> 00:42:59,542 "I am actually aware of having I often offended my creator." 646 00:42:59,805 --> 00:43:01,879 "I beseech Him please forgive me." 647 00:43:02,625 --> 00:43:05,002 "But while queen and sovereign," 648 00:43:05,037 --> 00:43:09,234 "I have no knowledge of any fault or offense for which he must be held accountable" 649 00:43:09,269 --> 00:43:11,567 "for anyone that is beneath me." 650 00:43:14,345 --> 00:43:17,388 Your second tactic was lying until I couldn't anymore, 651 00:43:17,423 --> 00:43:19,986 denying any knowledge of the Babington conspiracy, 652 00:43:20,185 --> 00:43:23,501 although it was in a more privileged when she accused Walsingham 653 00:43:23,525 --> 00:43:26,503 having prepared the entire scheme to get rid of her. 654 00:43:29,505 --> 00:43:33,724 As is obvious, Isabel did not see the problem exactly this way. 655 00:43:33,755 --> 00:43:36,246 She wrote to Maria as if the Queen of Scots 656 00:43:36,425 --> 00:43:40,530 if you had behaved like a guest ungrateful man who had run away with the towels. 657 00:43:42,865 --> 00:43:46,175 "You planned to take my life and ruin my kingdom" 658 00:43:46,180 --> 00:43:47,416 "through the pouring of blood." 659 00:43:47,585 --> 00:43:50,577 "I never proceeded so impulsively against you." 660 00:43:50,745 --> 00:43:54,780 "On the contrary, I supported you and preserved your life" 661 00:43:54,905 --> 00:43:58,158 "with the same care that I have with myself." 662 00:44:04,785 --> 00:44:07,967 On October 15th from 1586, 663 00:44:08,002 --> 00:44:10,287 started the formal trial. 664 00:44:10,465 --> 00:44:14,424 In a typical gesture, half appeal, half threat, 665 00:44:14,585 --> 00:44:18,418 Mary warned her accusers to look at their consciences. 666 00:44:18,745 --> 00:44:22,305 "Remember," she said, "the theater of the world" 667 00:44:22,385 --> 00:44:24,376 "It's much bigger than the kingdom of England." 668 00:44:24,545 --> 00:44:26,404 And went to this audience, 669 00:44:26,439 --> 00:44:28,880 spread all over the world and through the ages, 670 00:44:28,945 --> 00:44:31,582 that she brought to center stage. 671 00:44:34,345 --> 00:44:38,726 Maria entered the room limping, then painfully ill, 672 00:44:38,825 --> 00:44:42,024 dressed from head to toe as a charming mother superior, 673 00:44:42,105 --> 00:44:45,316 wrapped with black velvet and a white cap. 674 00:44:45,745 --> 00:44:47,343 Deprived of any lawyer, 675 00:44:47,344 --> 00:44:51,255 turned to the judges of the Royal Council who were staring at her. 676 00:44:52,625 --> 00:44:56,015 "There are none, I think, between you," 677 00:44:56,185 --> 00:44:58,430 "that even though he is the man smartest in the world," 678 00:44:58,465 --> 00:45:02,141 "would be able to resist or to defend yourself" 679 00:45:02,205 --> 00:45:04,457 "if you were in my place." 680 00:45:06,945 --> 00:45:10,281 Of course it didn't matter what she said. 681 00:45:10,585 --> 00:45:13,154 The trial continued in London without your presence 682 00:45:13,465 --> 00:45:16,307 and advanced quickly for your damnation. 683 00:45:19,145 --> 00:45:22,142 Throughout his adult life, Isabel had lived haunted 684 00:45:22,185 --> 00:45:25,583 for your cousin fascinating and infuriating, 685 00:45:25,745 --> 00:45:29,068 which appeared to personify all the clichés about women 686 00:45:29,125 --> 00:45:31,770 that Isabel herself had rejected. 687 00:45:32,040 --> 00:45:36,392 I then had the precious opportunity to get rid of "Mother Maria". 688 00:45:36,625 --> 00:45:38,693 Parliament was impatient to get rid of her 689 00:45:38,705 --> 00:45:42,959 and the people cried out by the blood of Mary. 690 00:45:43,185 --> 00:45:47,144 However, Isabel did not have courage to carry out this mission. 691 00:45:47,305 --> 00:45:49,685 It's not that it was sentimental in relation to Mary, 692 00:45:49,720 --> 00:45:51,656 but because I was afraid, 693 00:45:51,691 --> 00:45:56,744 fear of being seen by the world as having your fingerprints on the axe. 694 00:45:59,705 --> 00:46:03,015 This was what stole Isabel's sleep, 695 00:46:03,185 --> 00:46:06,814 the tormenting question about whether by killing Maria 696 00:46:06,825 --> 00:46:10,295 would be getting rid of or creating new problems. 697 00:46:12,625 --> 00:46:16,206 On February 1 from 1587, 698 00:46:16,241 --> 00:46:18,734 Isabel finally put your signature 699 00:46:18,745 --> 00:46:20,842 in the death sentence of Mary. 700 00:46:36,865 --> 00:46:40,927 All the chaos, misery, reckless adventures, 701 00:46:40,962 --> 00:46:42,731 thoughtless conspiracies, 702 00:46:42,766 --> 00:46:46,545 pathetic illusions, theatrical attacks of self-pity, 703 00:46:46,580 --> 00:46:48,496 all escapes and rescues, 704 00:46:48,665 --> 00:46:52,453 they took her to this supreme moment. 705 00:46:52,625 --> 00:46:55,749 It would become a Catholic martyr. 706 00:47:02,265 --> 00:47:06,984 When Mary was informed that would be executed the following morning, 707 00:47:07,105 --> 00:47:09,470 by a Scottish courtier washed in tears, 708 00:47:09,505 --> 00:47:12,179 she told him to rejoice, 709 00:47:12,545 --> 00:47:15,833 "For the end of troubles of Mary Stuart," she said, 710 00:47:15,868 --> 00:47:17,465 "it has finally arrived". 711 00:47:19,545 --> 00:47:21,317 "Take this my message" 712 00:47:21,352 --> 00:47:25,669 "and tell my friends I died as a woman faithful to my religion" 713 00:47:25,725 --> 00:47:27,810 "and like a true Scottish woman" 714 00:47:27,845 --> 00:47:29,798 "and a real French woman." 715 00:47:40,565 --> 00:47:43,192 When she undressed to the executor, 716 00:47:43,225 --> 00:47:48,219 the discreet black habit fell revealing a scarlet petticoat, 717 00:47:48,285 --> 00:47:50,910 blood red in color of the martyrs. 718 00:47:52,225 --> 00:47:55,934 Mary's eyes were blindfolded with a white silk scarf, 719 00:47:55,945 --> 00:47:58,148 embroidery in gold, 720 00:47:58,205 --> 00:48:01,775 and placed himself with such tranquility on the stump 721 00:48:02,145 --> 00:48:04,518 that even unnerved the executor. 722 00:48:18,365 --> 00:48:21,901 His first blow cut deep on the back of her head 723 00:48:22,065 --> 00:48:26,573 and the second separated her from the body With the exception of a small strand of meat. 724 00:48:29,025 --> 00:48:33,444 Even in death, Maria managed remain on the main stage. 725 00:48:33,625 --> 00:48:36,742 For 15 minutes after of the last blow of the axe, 726 00:48:36,905 --> 00:48:40,679 the lips of his head cut off, so the witnesses reported, 727 00:48:40,705 --> 00:48:44,698 continued to move like a silent prayer. 728 00:48:52,545 --> 00:48:54,192 And when the executor, 729 00:48:54,227 --> 00:48:56,743 that at this moment probably I just wanted to die too, 730 00:48:56,805 --> 00:48:58,712 held it on the head for spectators, 731 00:48:58,765 --> 00:49:03,378 made the mistake of holding it by the mass of red curls... 732 00:49:03,728 --> 00:49:05,855 but what it was a wig. 733 00:49:06,105 --> 00:49:08,420 To general horror, the skull of Mary, 734 00:49:08,455 --> 00:49:10,761 with hair cut in small gray tufts, 735 00:49:10,825 --> 00:49:14,423 fell from his hands and rolled across the floor. 736 00:49:23,585 --> 00:49:26,454 At that moment, came a terrible howl 737 00:49:26,489 --> 00:49:30,656 of the red petticoat soaked in blood. 738 00:49:30,825 --> 00:49:36,623 Maria's companion dog had to be separated from the remains of its owner. 739 00:49:36,825 --> 00:49:40,696 They tried and tried clean it of clotted blood. 740 00:49:40,705 --> 00:49:45,097 And they succeeded, but the dog He didn't eat again, he wasted away and died. 741 00:49:45,225 --> 00:49:50,065 Was just another martyr in pathetic and tragic life of Mary. 742 00:49:50,225 --> 00:49:52,874 Maybe that little dog was the first mourner, 743 00:49:53,105 --> 00:49:56,054 but it wouldn't be certainly the last. 744 00:50:00,266 --> 00:50:01,533 Enter the mourners, 745 00:50:01,568 --> 00:50:04,551 surprisingly, was Queen Elizabeth, 746 00:50:04,785 --> 00:50:07,902 in deep denial of what he had done. 747 00:50:09,490 --> 00:50:12,386 "When she heard the news, his countenance changed," 748 00:50:12,421 --> 00:50:13,723 "your words faltered," 749 00:50:14,216 --> 00:50:17,665 "and with excessive sadness She was, in a way, surprised," 750 00:50:17,705 --> 00:50:20,080 "in such a way that he gave himself up to suffering," 751 00:50:20,225 --> 00:50:24,524 "dressing in mourning and shedding tears in abundance." 752 00:50:40,025 --> 00:50:43,859 Part of Isabel's anguish it could have been genuine remorse, 753 00:50:44,065 --> 00:50:47,076 but part came of obvious fear 754 00:50:47,591 --> 00:50:49,533 and he had reasons to be worried. 755 00:50:49,625 --> 00:50:51,832 Even before of the execution of Mary, 756 00:50:51,867 --> 00:50:54,904 King Philip of Spain accelerate your plans 757 00:50:54,939 --> 00:50:57,074 for the "enterprise" from England, 758 00:50:57,265 --> 00:51:01,060 and with the death of Mary there was no stopping him. 759 00:51:01,656 --> 00:51:07,065 Suddenly, Elizabethan England She looked very small, very vulnerable. 760 00:51:12,220 --> 00:51:15,498 This was always the Isabel's worst nightmare, 761 00:51:15,533 --> 00:51:18,053 a Catholic invasion on a large scale, 762 00:51:18,145 --> 00:51:20,887 just that what Philip was doing. 763 00:51:22,275 --> 00:51:24,104 However, the Spanish admirals, 764 00:51:24,139 --> 00:51:27,663 were deeply pessimistic in relation to the possibilities of success. 765 00:51:27,698 --> 00:51:30,549 They knew that English ships they had a big advantage 766 00:51:30,584 --> 00:51:32,923 in terms of speed and maneuverability. 767 00:51:33,396 --> 00:51:36,022 The miracle was not the fact that England had saved itself, 768 00:51:36,085 --> 00:51:39,429 but Spain was so close to success. 769 00:51:39,785 --> 00:51:41,935 Just a few kilometers of the Channel 770 00:51:42,105 --> 00:51:45,316 and an unhelpful wind, made a difference. 771 00:51:45,785 --> 00:51:49,319 The weather, as usual, was on England's side. 772 00:51:55,643 --> 00:51:57,731 But it was for very little. 773 00:51:57,766 --> 00:52:02,765 The English had reason to be frightened in the summer and autumn of 1588. 774 00:52:03,459 --> 00:52:06,395 What do we do when Are we tearful and terrified? 775 00:52:06,430 --> 00:52:08,298 We call by mom. 776 00:52:08,465 --> 00:52:12,373 And, with help from Robert Dudley, then dying of cancer, 777 00:52:12,408 --> 00:52:15,418 but still the big promoter of Isabel's shows, 778 00:52:15,485 --> 00:52:19,942 That's how she appeared to the troops at Tilbury military camp, 779 00:52:20,105 --> 00:52:23,893 the mother, finally, the virgin mother of England, 780 00:52:24,065 --> 00:52:27,269 and the type of mother who you would want by your side, 781 00:52:27,345 --> 00:52:30,162 a mother dressed in a steel chest armor. 782 00:52:32,855 --> 00:52:37,160 Everything Elizabeth had learned was put into practice at Tilbury. 783 00:52:37,205 --> 00:52:41,259 Charisma dressed, caustic eloquence, 784 00:52:41,425 --> 00:52:43,376 and maybe most importantly, 785 00:52:43,411 --> 00:52:45,629 what all mothers instinctively know: 786 00:52:45,665 --> 00:52:49,090 that no one can replace your presence. 787 00:52:49,505 --> 00:52:53,896 And between August 8th and 9th, was present at the scene, 788 00:52:54,065 --> 00:52:59,636 arriving in a golden coach escorted by 2,000 ecstatic soldiers. 789 00:52:59,907 --> 00:53:04,433 And what she produced for the expectant crowd, it was pure gold, 790 00:53:04,625 --> 00:53:09,010 the first great speech given by a queen recorded in History. 791 00:53:09,125 --> 00:53:12,391 This is where it happened the real event of 1588, 792 00:53:12,625 --> 00:53:14,093 no on the high seas, 793 00:53:14,128 --> 00:53:17,005 but on stage improvised in Tilbury. 794 00:53:19,360 --> 00:53:21,347 "My beloved people," 795 00:53:21,704 --> 00:53:26,420 "I come to you, not for recreation and sport," 796 00:53:26,585 --> 00:53:30,900 "but resolutely in the heat of battle," 797 00:53:31,025 --> 00:53:34,256 "to live and die among all of you," 798 00:53:34,625 --> 00:53:38,348 "to die for God and for my kingdom," 799 00:53:38,465 --> 00:53:43,237 "for my people, for my honor and blood" 800 00:53:43,272 --> 00:53:44,904 "same May we be defeated." 801 00:53:46,185 --> 00:53:50,285 "I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman," 802 00:53:50,505 --> 00:53:54,231 "but I have the heart and stomach of a king, 803 00:53:54,673 --> 00:53:57,138 "and a king of England too," 804 00:53:57,305 --> 00:54:02,644 "what if Spain or any prince of Europe" 805 00:54:02,985 --> 00:54:06,534 "dare to invade the borders of my kingdom," 806 00:54:06,705 --> 00:54:12,540 "I will face such dishonor and I myself will take weapons in my hands." 807 00:54:17,625 --> 00:54:20,720 As for me, everything has not passed theater and propaganda, 808 00:54:20,755 --> 00:54:24,196 but it was in England and made a difference, 809 00:54:24,245 --> 00:54:28,124 just like Churchill's rhetoric made the difference in 1940. 810 00:54:28,286 --> 00:54:29,599 Almost instinctively, 811 00:54:29,604 --> 00:54:33,374 the queen seemed to know what his people needed to hear. 812 00:54:33,545 --> 00:54:34,677 "Listen," she said, 813 00:54:34,712 --> 00:54:37,743 "I can be a goddess, but I am also of flesh and blood," 814 00:54:37,805 --> 00:54:39,354 "your flesh and blood." 815 00:54:39,389 --> 00:54:42,511 "Whatever they have to face, I will face it with you." 816 00:54:42,705 --> 00:54:46,867 And that made the difference between terror and determination, 817 00:54:47,025 --> 00:54:50,176 It's for that who serve the queens. 818 00:54:52,905 --> 00:54:56,215 You couldn't do better and not even Isabel herself. 819 00:54:56,385 --> 00:55:00,809 The euphoria of 1588 it didn't last long. 820 00:55:01,225 --> 00:55:03,693 In the final years from the Tudor century, 821 00:55:03,865 --> 00:55:07,731 the famine that swept the country sparked food riots. 822 00:55:07,745 --> 00:55:10,179 Throat cutters and Beggars roamed the roads. 823 00:55:10,345 --> 00:55:13,202 The Irish, who were called savages, 824 00:55:13,237 --> 00:55:16,294 were pushed to a nine-year war. 825 00:55:17,161 --> 00:55:19,284 And for the queen, 826 00:55:19,319 --> 00:55:23,736 the distance between the mythology of your eternal body 827 00:55:23,905 --> 00:55:27,983 and the wrinkled reality, became more evident. 828 00:55:28,625 --> 00:55:32,371 Inevitably, thoughts began to turn to his successor. 829 00:55:32,505 --> 00:55:35,134 And everyone knew who should be, 830 00:55:35,169 --> 00:55:39,305 James, son of Mary, Queen of Scots. 831 00:55:43,225 --> 00:55:46,501 In the end, was it Mary, Queen of Scots, the mother, 832 00:55:46,665 --> 00:55:50,963 who triumphed from the grave about your rival, Isabel? 833 00:55:52,265 --> 00:55:54,405 However, Isabel had one comfort: 834 00:55:54,440 --> 00:55:57,070 Jaime had been created as a Protestant, 835 00:55:57,145 --> 00:56:01,132 forced to deny his own mother after his disgrace. 836 00:56:03,825 --> 00:56:07,537 But even so, he was the son of Mary, 837 00:56:07,572 --> 00:56:11,258 fruit of her womb and not Isabel's. 838 00:56:12,905 --> 00:56:16,578 Isabel died in 1603, 839 00:56:16,745 --> 00:56:20,340 almost half a century later of that day under the oak, 840 00:56:20,505 --> 00:56:24,896 as softly as an apple that falls from a tree, someone said, 841 00:56:25,165 --> 00:56:27,957 and when your underwear were removed from his body, 842 00:56:28,225 --> 00:56:32,631 it was seen that they still matched with the contours of a virgin, 843 00:56:32,666 --> 00:56:36,932 thin waist, slightly wide hips, long limbs. 844 00:56:37,145 --> 00:56:39,709 It was a body that, according to some, 845 00:56:39,744 --> 00:56:42,924 will not fulfill the purpose for which God had shaped him. 846 00:56:42,959 --> 00:56:45,872 You should have joined to a husband, 847 00:56:45,905 --> 00:56:47,874 to make it germinate your seed 848 00:56:47,909 --> 00:56:51,741 and give posterity to him and the country. 849 00:56:51,905 --> 00:56:54,100 She didn't none of that. 850 00:56:54,265 --> 00:56:58,062 But no one in their right mind thought that she had failed her people. 851 00:56:58,097 --> 00:57:00,710 It had been just different. 852 00:57:05,425 --> 00:57:09,134 When the ring that united Isabel to her country 853 00:57:09,305 --> 00:57:11,796 it was finally removed from your finger, 854 00:57:11,831 --> 00:57:14,595 was taken 650 km to the north, 855 00:57:14,630 --> 00:57:15,983 for to Scotland. 856 00:57:16,145 --> 00:57:18,790 It thus came to symbolize a new marriage, 857 00:57:18,825 --> 00:57:21,538 this time between two nations. 858 00:57:23,385 --> 00:57:27,537 Isabel and Mary Stuart they never met. 859 00:57:27,705 --> 00:57:31,879 It was only with James I that the two women were finally gathered, 860 00:57:32,145 --> 00:57:35,595 closer in death than they ever were in life. 861 00:57:36,505 --> 00:57:41,519 There was an old and curious joke which circulated in the 1560s, 862 00:57:41,545 --> 00:57:44,105 which said that all problems would have been resolved 863 00:57:44,265 --> 00:57:47,780 if Mary and Elizabeth if they had married each other. 864 00:57:47,845 --> 00:57:49,992 And in a way, that's what they did. 865 00:57:50,465 --> 00:57:54,261 Well, at least, after a terrible price and so much pain, 866 00:57:54,451 --> 00:57:55,918 they had together a baby. 867 00:57:56,245 --> 00:57:58,736 It was a tiny little thing with a great name: 868 00:57:59,227 --> 00:58:00,993 Magna Britannia, 869 00:58:01,309 --> 00:58:02,825 Great Britain. 870 00:58:09,923 --> 00:58:14,923 Translation and subtitling: lemirone and FragaCampos @ docsPT 871 00:59:04,447 --> 00:59:11,447 www.docsPT.com